松口蘑复合种形态学及生物地理学研究
MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC STUDY ON TRICHOLOMA MATSUTAKE-COMPLEX
曹哲明 姚一建
摘 要：松口蘑复合种含有松口蘑Tricholoma matsutake (也称松茸)、北欧口蘑T. nauseosum、喜栎口蘑T. zangii和美洲口蘑T. magnivelare等4个分类单元.在对来自中国、日本、法国、西班牙、瑞典、芬兰和美国的标本进行形态学研究的基础上,认为松口蘑、北欧口蘑、喜栎口蘑形态十分接近,它们的分类地位应该重新考虑.美洲口蘑和它们的差别也不大.对松口蘑复合种的寄主和地理分布也进行了总结,发现松口蘑和美洲口蘑的寄主范围较广,寄主专化性不强,而北欧口蘑和喜栎口蘑的寄主比较专一.在地理分布上,松口蘑和美洲口蘑形成亚洲-北美地理替代种的分布格局;松口蘑和北欧口蘑形成欧亚间断分布的分布格局;喜栎口蘑的地理分布范围完全包含在松口蘑的分布范围中.松口蘑复合种种类的分布区和它们各自寄主的分布不一定完全相同.在松口蘑复合种内,北欧口蘑和松口蘑已被认为是同一个种,而其余两个分类单元的分类地位值得进一步研究.
关键词：松茸群,形态学特征,地理分布,分类学地位,寄主
分类号：Q939.5 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1672-6472(2004)01-0043-0055
基金项目：国家自然科学基金委员会"国家杰出青年基金"(30025002)、国家科学技术部国际科技合作重点项目计划(2001CB711103)、中国科学院"创新工程重要方向项目"(KSCX2-SW-101C)和"引进国外杰出人才"项目
作者简介：姚一建,通讯作者 Author for correspondence, E-mail:yaoyj@sun.im.ac.cn
作者单位：曹哲明（中国科学院微生物研究所真菌地衣系统学重点研究实验室,北京,100080）
姚一建（中国科学院微生物研究所真菌地衣系统学重点研究实验室,北京,100080）
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