香菇自然群体中个体间的空间分布及其遗传联系
代江红 林芳灿
摘 要：应用体细胞不亲和性反应、交配型因子分析和基因组DNA的RAPD分析，研究了一个分布于方圆约1km的6根倒木上的18个香菇野生菌株间的遗传差异。结果表明，该群体大多数菌株间配对（80.4%）体细胞不亲和，而同一倒木菌株间配对的体细胞亲和率达62.5%。不同倒木菌株间未发现体细胞亲和的配对。该群体存在11个特异的A因子和7个特异的B因子。同一倒木的菌株有的交配型因子相同，有的则不同。不同倒木的菌株大多数交配型因子不同，未发现交配型因子完全相同的菌株。RAPD分析显示，体细胞亲和的菌株，交配型因子完全相同的菌株，在基于DNA相似系数的遗传相关聚类中，首先聚为小类。总起来看，在自然群体中，香菇个体间的遗传差异与其空间分布之间存在一定的联系，随着空间距离的增大，菌株间的异质性相应增高。
关键词：香菇,遗传差异, 个体, 体细胞不亲和性, 交配型分析, RAPD分析
分类号：Q939.96 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1007-3515（2001）01-00100-0106
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG INDIVIDUALS IN A NATURAL POPULATION OF LENTINULA EDODES
DAI Jiang-Hong（The Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070）
LIN Fang-Can（The Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070）
Abstract：Genetic differences of 18 wild strains of Lentinula edodes isolated from fruiting bodies on 6 logs located in a about 1km2 area were examined through study of their somatic incompatibility interaction, analysis of mating type factors and RAPD analysis of genomic DNA. The results indicated that most pairs (80.4%)from the population were somatically incompatible and 62.5% of pairs among isolates from the same logs were compatible. Somatically compatible isolates from different logs were not observed. There are 11 distinct A factors and 7 distinct B factors in the population. The mating type factors of some isolates from the same logs were alike and those of others were different. Most isolates from different logs were shown to possess distinct mating type factors, and isolates having identical mating type factors were not found. RAPD analysis indicated that somatically compatible strains and strains having identical mating type factors were classified into a group firstly in a cluster dendrogram based on DNA similarity coefficient. In sum, it can be seen that a certain relationship exists between genetic difference and spatial distribution among individuals in a natural population of Lentinula edodes. Their heterogeneity could be raised accordingly along with increasing of spatial distance among strains.
Keywords：Lentinula edodes,individuals, genetic difference, somatic incompatibility, mating type analysis, RAPD analysis.
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（39770015）资助
作者单位：代江红（华中农业大学应用真菌研究所 武汉 430070）
林芳灿（华中农业大学应用真菌研究所 武汉 430070）
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